The systematic or the scientific study that deal Essays

The systematic or the scientific study that deal Essays The systematic or the "scientific study" that deals with human social relationship and institutions is sociology. It has a variety of subject matter varying religion, race, family, state, crime, culture. With these diverse subject matter in sociology, it has a purpose of understanding the way human activities and awareness shaped by surrounding cultural and social organizations. Sociology is an interesting and revealing course of study that studies and elaborates the significant features of our personal lives, society, and the whole world. Sociology helps to develop individual along with the whole world. At individual level sociology deals with social causes and problems, in society level, it deals with social problems and social evils whereas it studies global problems such as population, migration, economy and conflicts at a global level. Sociology studies all the dimensions related to human, the interactions between people to the relationships between an organization and institutional forms. Human thinking and activities are profoundly associated with human surroundings. Sociology used different research methodologies and studies at a micro level. sociology studies varied concepts for whatever might produce a perfect society. Generally, people consider that society should emphasize on making sure everybody is treated equally, including from an economic point of view. However, other people consider that a perfect society involves stratified classes, as wanting to live prosperous life encourages people to work harder. These questions are included in the study of sociology where economics, politics, and culture combine in different methods. Other questions sociologists attempt through sociology are, How culture and traditions are formed and passed through one generation to the next?', Food habits and what kinds of agricultural productions are made in your country? Questions regarding religious rituals, similarities, and dissimilarities between different people, race, ethnicities, economy, and conflicts are also solved through sociology. More than the question sociology studies social institutions such as families, marriage, education, Sociologists emphasize on careful collection and analysis of evidence about social life to develop and improve our understanding of significant social procedures. Sociologists use different methods. They study and "work directly with people, ethical standards must guide their investigative project." They study "the everyday life of groups, conduct large-scale surveys, interpret historical documents, analyze census data, study videotaped interactions, interview participants of groups, and conduct laboratory experiments Like other social scientists. "Sociologists sometimes uses hypothesis by stipulating cause and effect relationships examined under controlled circumstances in experiments." They use "survey research methods, fieldwork called participatory observation, analysis and case study" as the methods to study and answer the questions regarding sociology. In addition to presenting the sociological evaluation and presenting how our social settings affect our approaches, behavior, and life chances in so many ways, we hoped to stimulate your sociological imagination to recognize the social forces affecting us all and to suggest what needs to be done to have a society where all people have equal opportunity to achieve their dreams. To conclude, sociological perspectives are used to understand human behavior while seeing the broader social context. Each theoretical perspective serves to explain human behavior within its own category. However, if one wanted to study the social institution of a business or how school functions once would be best to adopt the Structural functionalist perspective. One can use sociology as a basis for understanding human behavior in everyday life whether it be on an individual basis or group. As John Donne is quoted as saying "No man is an island unto himself," individual behaviors can not be separated from group behavior because we carry society within us. But, one can concentrate on one aspect more than the other. Sources: Strada, M. J. (2009).Through the Global Lens An introduction to the Social Sciences(Third ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

Concentration and Molarity Worked Example Problem

Concentration and Molarity Worked Example Problem Question a) Explain how to prepare 25 liters of a 0.10 M BaCl2 solution, starting with solid BaCl2.b) Specify the volume of the solution in (a) needed to get 0.020 mol of BaCl2. Solution Part a): Molarity is an expression of the moles of solute per liter of solution, which can be written: molarity (M) moles solute / liters solution Solve this equation for moles solute: moles solute molarity Ãâ€" liters solution Enter the values for this problem: moles BaCl2 0.10 mol/liter times 25 litermoles BaCl2 2.5 mol To determine how many grams of BaCl2 are needed, calculate the weight per mole. Look up the atomic masses for the elements in BaCl2 from the Periodic Table. The atomic masses are found to be: Ba 137Cl 35.5 Using these values: 1 mol BaCl2 weighs 137 g 2(35.5 g) 208 g So the mass of BaCl2 in 2.5 mol is: mass of 2.5 moles of BaCl2 2.5 mol Ãâ€" 208 g / 1 molmass of 2.5 moles of BaCl2 520 g To make the solution, weigh out 520 g of BaCl2 and add water to get 25 liters. Part b): Rearrange the equation for molarity to get: liters of solution moles solute / molarity In this case: liters solution moles BaCl2 / molarity BaCl2liters solution 0.020 mol / 0.10 mol/literliters solution 0.20 liter or 200 cm3 Answer Part a). Weigh out 520 g of BaCl2. Stir in sufficient water to give a final volume of 25 liters. Part b). 0.20 liter or 200 cm3

Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tourism - Essay Example However, scholars hold the view that to the profession requires specialised skills and knowledge, continuous education and be good to the society and community. According to Roberts (2007), corporate social responsibility (CSR) entails responsible business conduct causing no harm in the workplace, marketplace, the natural environment as well as the community they operate in. In the tourism sector, it would mean that it is the local, national and global community. CSR is not only vital in promoting business operations but also creates harmony and respect between the business and the community. To the business, CSR looks to ensure that the organisations keep on making profit while ensuring that her future is safe. Tourism industry’s management ought to understand that CSR, reduces general operational costs while improving the firm’s reputation. By extending services to the community, the firm’s dignity rises, resulting to not only a competitive advantage but also access to investment and funding opportunities. Notably, most NGOs prefer funding projects that improve the society’s welfare. Corporate social responsibility in the tourism industry is not a choice; it is a business obligation (Lyn 2009). To the society, CSR increases welfare as well as building a liking for the firm. Going green initiative, maintained by a firm via CSR improves he ecological conditions of the society. The result is reduced health hazards, better working conditions as well as better services and safe products. Involvement in charitable fundraising can improve the society’s education and possibly create equal opportunities. According to Lyn (2009), tourism managers who focus on short-term profits at the expense of the society and the environment are doomed to fail. For sustainability, a business ought to ensure that there is a bottom line that measures environmental, economic and social profits and losses. That goes a long way at maintaining customer

Economics of International Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics of International Trade - Essay Example The sale of the imported goods from the developing countries was high that most of the manufacturing companies lowered the wages for their workers. Most of the manufacturing companies were experiencing difficulty in trade because of the low sale of the manufactured goods. That is the export level was much lower compared to the exports. Most of these companies began hiring people that were not trained and other unskilled labor. Other factors that affected international trade in the United States is the rise in inequality due to the skill differentials. The international trade differences are what led to the rise in inequality in the payment of wages and employment in general (Ebenstein , Harrison    McMillan & Phillips p. 3). The countries that had low income wages were producing more manufactured products compared to the manufacturing countries that based their labor on skilled workers. This is because most of the manufacturing countries with low wages had more employees and could manufacture more goods compared to the latter. History has recorded that the rise and the fall of the income trends have been affected by the rise and fall of the international trade. As most of the manufactured goods come from the developing countries, trade seems to have favored the developing countries. For instance, due to the fact that the developing countries export most of the manufactured products thus has trade favored these countries. The fact that has led to inequality is because of the employment in these countries. Because the export many products, they also employ many employees compared to the other countries. This has in turn increased the inequality in trade in the international market. The changes in the payment of wages have also influenced the pricing of the good in the international market. As a result, the changes in the wages have also become a contributing factor in inequality in the international trade. It is true that the

Qualitative Study on COPD Essay Example for Free

Qualitative Study on COPD Essay This is a qualitative study conducted at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler as a randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of a lifestyle behavioral intervention to increase physical activity among patients with moderate to severe COPD. (Wortz, K. 2012) 54 patients of age 45 or older were randomly selected from April 2010 through January 2011 using a patient registry database with a coded diagnosis of COPD along with physician referrals. Data collection consisted of: baseline, demographic, clinical and self-management needs, smoking status, spirometry, 6-min walk distance, BMI, Obstruction, SOB, Exercise Capacity (BODE) index, Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ); which includes 10 open ended questions and Geriatric Depression Scale. A sample of 47 interviews with the mean age of 68.4 years old, 53% male, 87% white were used in the analysis. 57.5% has moderate COPD, 31.9% sever COPD, and 10.6% very severe COPD. (Wortz, K. 2012) The results of this analysis suggest that the content of self-management support with COPD should focus on addressing patients’ fears associated with the uncertainty, progression, suffering of their disease, expectations about overcoming or replacing losses, their needs for improved health literacy and their desire for improved care. Attention to these areas may enhance patient self-efficacy and motivation to improve self management.

Jezza The Great :: essays research papers

Jezza the great - Matt Posaner For many Carlton supports, the greatest player, bar non, in recent memory is Alex Jesaulenko. He represented all that was mercurial and brilliant in football; he was a player people came to watch because the unbelievable on a regular basis, and the unexpected 10 times a game. Like Mozart, the greatest composer of all time, Alex Jesaulenko was born of Ukrainian parents in the Austrian city of Salzburg. He came to Australia as a young boy and grew up in Canberra. There are a couple of persistent rumours about the young Jesaulenko, which lend an aura to his particular genius. The first is that the baby Jezza spent some time with his family in a refugee camp in or near Carlton in the late 1940's - Camp Pell, or a camp in the Exhibition Gardens. The second is that he did notevan pick up an Australian football until the ripe old age of 15. And the last one is that the Prime Minister of the day, Sir Robert Menzies, personally interviewed to have the Manuka-Eastlakes star and Commenwealth public servant transferred to Melbourne in time for the 1967 season. The rest of his story is truthful, and needs no embellishment - the soaring marks, such as the mark of the century in the 1970 grand final, the hundred goals in a season, the ability to command the ball to do his will, the way his body worked its way untouched through marauding packs, as if he could disappear under ground and worm his way up in a clear space. Not to mention the way he could bring the rest of the team into the play by direct involvement, or sheer example. When called upon to coach Carlton in 1978, he was being shirt-fronted by Collingwood's Stan Magro that inspired a win that season, and eventually the Flag in 1979. He left in loyalty to controversial President George Harris but was still blue through and through. When called upon in another crisis after the sacking of Robert Walls in 1989, he came and the magic worked again.

Exploring weather the quote “evacuation was a great success” by using my own knowledge and the sources in the booklet

Source A suggests that the evacuation wasn't really a success for a number of reasons. â€Å"Arrangements did not always go smoothly† This goes to show that the organisation of the evacuation was something that needed work on. It also talks about people not coping with their new surroundings and that people just didn't really fit in as it says â€Å"There were reports of people fouling in gardens, hair crawling with lice and bed wetting.† Some may say that they did all these as a sign that they had no respect for there surroundings but I see it differently, the fact that people are bedwetting could just be a sign of anxiety and nervousness. Although this is only a secondary source from a textbook for children it is still backed up by the fact that all of these things actually happened at the time. There were some cases of towns expecting a school of children to come but then they would end up with forty pregnant women on their doorsteps. Source B is obviously for evacuation and is agreeing with the quote â€Å"evacuation was a great success † I am led to believe this because looking at the picture it seems like it was taken for a newspaper or something else of that calibre. If something is taken for the British press during a war it has to be positive or people won't be confident about the war and may start panicking and this is the last thing the country wanted. The picture (taken September 1939, primary source) shows a school of children and there teachers walking down a road on there way to a London station, on the picture they are all laughing and smiling at the prospect of being taken away from home. I don't think these are the real emotions that they are feeling but are only doing this because the camera is looking so are smiling for it and waving. Source C I would say is neutral and is neither for nor against evacuation but is just giving some information of what really happened. But it does explain the confusion and fear of the children so I could be tempted to say it's against the idea more than for it. It is an interview 49 years after the war with a teacher who was evacuated with they're class to somewhere in the country. â€Å"We hadn't the slightest idea were we where going†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this is obviously telling us that the problem with organisation really was an issue to be thought about. â€Å"All you could hear was the feet of the children and a kind of murmur because the children were too afraid to talk.† When saying this it shows that the fear shown by the children was recognisable without even having to ask them. This is a primary source because it was from a person who was there when it happened but she was very old when giving the source so not all of it could be true. She then goes on to say â€Å"The mothers pressed against the iron gates calling â€Å"good bye darling†Ã¢â‚¬  When it says this I don't think she is completely telling the truth, I think that she remembers the mothers being upset and calling there last emotional goodbyes to there children but the words she has quoted can't possibly be true, they were from the south of London and people at the time didn't speak like that down there. Source D shows some evacuee boys having a bath with looks of glee on there faces, I think this is saying that evacuation was a success as it shows the boys safe and happy. The photo was taken during the war to be issued by the government, most probably to be used for a newspaper or something like that. In the picture it is the ratio of four boys to every bath, this maybe a sign that it was very over crowded when the children were being evacuated but it still looks like the boys are enjoying themselves. Although they are all smiling the fact of the matter is that they know that the picture is being taken thus not showing there true emotions as children especially like to smile for the cameras so they look good in the newspapers. If the camera wasn't there bath time could have been a different story all together, they all could have had grim faces on, but we will never really know. As previously stated the photo was taken during the war so is a primary source that makes just a bit more reliable. Sources E and F are both defiantly against the idea that â€Å"evacuation was a great success† as they are both complaining about either the people they had sent to them or the places they were sent to. Source E is from a mother of a host family taken 49 years after the war so vital details from her memory may have been lost or she may add things for no apparent reason. The main topic of discussion in the source is the toilet habits of her new guests, â€Å"The children went round the house urinating on the walls† and then goes on to say † Although we told the children and there mother off about this filthy habit they took no notice and our house stank to high heaven.† This does not sound like a woman who is very pleased with her evacuees. A lot of this was going on as there were many complaints all over the country abut the disgusting hygiene an habits the people had such as bed wetting, â€Å"fouling† in the garden, and the fact that some of them had never brushed there teeth up until when they were living in the hosts establishment. The fact that the house did have two toilets though means they could have been doing all this because they wanted to go home so thought if they make a nuisance of themselves then the government would send them packing. Source F is from an actual evacuee expressing there anger for the prejudice abut evacuees that has been spread that it was always poor people going to rich houses and some times it was the complete opposite. â€Å"It is just as upsetting for a clean and well educated child to find itself in a grubby semi slum as the other way round.† And also says at the beginning, â€Å"How I wish the common view of evacuees could be changed.† Both of these comments show that he is not happy being stereotyped as poor unhygienic boys for no reason that he can prevent. A lot of prejudice was going around at the time so the primary source is backed up by facts as well. Source G is also about how people were prejudice towards the evacuees just because the majority of them were poor. Some people thought it was great that they were coming to stay at there place though, because they were so poor and in some cases naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve they were made to work in the hosts shop for free. Source G is a shot paragraph from a story wrote for children in 1973 about evacuees and what life was like for them. It shows some more prejudice behaviour from hosts at the time towards there new arrivals in there homes as she thinks that the reason that they have no slippers is because they are to poor to afford it but the real reason is they had no room in there suit cases to pack them. Although in the story the children found it funny I think it was wrong that people should be treated in a certain way before even getting to know them. Source H is a poster with a picture of two children hugging each other, In the background it has been split into two. One area is a nice quiet village in the country side and the other is the dirty city with planes flying over it, the designer for the poster has done this so u get a picture of how dramatically you can change the children's way of life just by becoming a foster. The poster sets out to make people think that they can be heros just by fostering a few children whilst the war is on with quotes like â€Å"You may be saving a child's life† This would make a foster person think that they are helping the war cause and doing there bit for the country. It is a primary source from the time and was issued by the government to encourage people to foster children and I think it would have been very successful the because of way in which they went about making the poster. Source I is part of a mass observation survey that one man decided to take part in a sat how he felt about evacuation. It was taken May 1940 so is a primary source and is very reliable. The man and the interviewer discuss the topic of what the man is going to do with his son â€Å"I'm not letting him go. They can't be looked after where they're sending him† This shows some of the country wasn't as willing as others and didn't trust the people who were going to look after there children. He also talks of how there wasn't enough food to feed the people before the war so this may have been one of the biggest concerns for parents sending there children away, that they wouldn't be looked after properly. I would say without a doubt that this source is completely against the idea of evacuation and is therefore contradicting the quote â€Å"evacuation was a great success† My over all opinion is that you could not call the evacuation a success at all as there was to many complications involved such as difference in up bringing, costs quite a lot for the hosts, people didn't trust the system, some people were rebellious against the hosts and finally it made a new kind of prejudice and there is enough of that around already. I must admit a lot of lives were saved and in some cases people enjoyed having evacuees in there houses and said it was so much fun it took there mind of the war. If evacuation didn't take place a lot of people in built up areas like London would have been killed for sure so it id have its good points that saved the British population but overall I would disagree and say no, evacuation was not a great success, it was I good idea but not a success.

Organization Methods

Organizational methods and tone used in Douglas Todd’s â€Å"Beware the Boredom Boom† Douglas Todd’s essay â€Å"Beware the Boredom Boom† is a logically organized piece about the often minimized plague of boredom eating away at society. The topic he is approaching in this essay is one that could be easily dismissed by any serious reader, and so it must be treated carefully and written in such a way that creates interest without over or under dramatizing the problem.I am going to discuss Todd’s organizational methods and tone as they lend to the overall effectiveness of the essay. Todd begins his essay with a couple of brief stories about people in the mall experiencing boredom. This is a solid introduction, as story-telling is pretty much a certain way to spark readers’ interests. Todd then branches into a brief description of boredom over the course of human history, as described by major historical figures.This is where he is building his c ase for boredom as a legitimate topic of academic discussion, and then he finally dives into the content of his essay. â€Å"Boredom is not a subject to be treated tongue-in-cheek. Boredom matters† (pp. 503). Here, with the introduction of his thesis, he is demanding that his readers take the subject seriously, telling them outright that boredom is not a joke and he is not about to treat it casually.He used the device of storytelling to give a light-hearted, interest-sparking appeal to his essay, only to later disallow the topic to be treated in a flippant way at all. This further promotes the reader’s interest by catching him off-guard. Todd really needed to jolt the reader like this in order to force him to take seriously a topic that many understand as being frustrating but benign. Once he has the reader’s attention, Todd is able to start presenting his argument for boredom as a chronic syndrome having an increasingly negative effect on our society.He cites v arious studies and scientific figures as a means of building his case for the deeply-impacting negative effects of boredom, outlining what a truly serious and potentially devastating problem it really is. He also directly addresses the seeming paradox of boredom becoming such a prevalent plague in a society which is constantly bombarded with various forms of stimulation and ever-experience-enhancing advancing technology. â€Å"Plugged in at home and on the street to TV, the Internet, laptops, DVDs, cell phones and MP3s, many young people are becoming merely reactive† (pp.XXX). In fact, through his carefully presented research and thoroughly articulated arguments, Todd is able to effectively show the reader just how it is those very elements are what is causing, promoting, and perpetuating this increasingly threatening downward spiral of aimless boredom. Todd’s organizational method here was highly effective, because he is effectively able to grab the reader’s at tention right from the beginning, and, once he had it, he is able to maintain that attention through his various examples of scientific research, personal testimonies, and direct quotes.This organizational method also succeeded in forcing the reader to take the subject matter seriously, which was Todd’s primary goal. He was also able to succeed in doing this with his writing style and tone. Todd’s tone throughout this piece is slightly humorous while also remaining very serious. His tone can seem light-hearted at times, and his personal voice is ever present in his word choice and sentence construction: â€Å"It was impossible to be bored in hard-scrabble primitive days because the fight for survival kept you forever on your toes† (pp. XXX).However, this light-hearted writing style is yet another device that Todd employs in order to keep his reader’s attention. It is through his witty remarks that the reader is able to more fully understand the points he is making. As in the example stated above, while it does seem like a sarcastic side comment, this is yet another idea that forces the reader to pause and really think about the argument Todd has presented: after a brief reflection, this â€Å"sarcastic† comment makes perfect sense, and seems to succinctly explain how exactly people got to be so terribly bored.Todd’s essay is very effective at treating the â€Å"problem† of boredom in a serious and engaging way. His writing style is clear, concise, and simple. His organization is very structured and creates an appropriate step-by-step approach to the idea of something as common as boredom actually being a social plight. His tone carries the reader through in a way that was helpful and guiding while also being challenging, forcing the reader to really think.

Essay on Gangs-and-guns Wars Reasons and Causes

Essay on Gangs-and-guns Wars Reasons and Causes Essay on Gangs-and-guns Wars: Reasons and Causes Essay on Gangs-and-guns Wars: Reasons and CausesViolence is a serious problem of the contemporary society. Every year so called gang wars take away lives of thousands of people.   Unfortunately, innocent people often become victims in these wars. Despite the fact that the government puts much effort trying to solve the problem of the high-crime level and the criminal war, the number of victims is still high. Dan Gardner in his article The Missing Piece to the Gang-Violence Debate states that drugs play an important role in the gang wars and it is hard to resolve the problem without taking this component into consideration. Drug distribution is a very profitable â€Å"business†, and members of the gangs often die during wars for the influence in drug sphere.   I believe that selling   and taking drugs is an important problem of the contemporary society and it may be the root of other serious problems, such as high crime rate and violence. In addition, drugs bring enormous money to those who sell them and that is the reason they may have big influence in gangs-and-guns wars.In his article The Missing Piece to the Gang-Violence Dan Gardner speaks about possible reasons of the murders related to the gang wars. Garnder used to work as a policy adviser for the Minister of Education and Premier of Ontario. He knows the topic he discusses and shares his finding with his readers. He states that despite big effort dedicated to reduce the crime level gang wars take away a lot of lives every year. Dan Gardner traces certain correlations in the number of victims of these wars and he states that his findings bring him to the idea that drugs are the missing components in the gang wars. Each time police imprisoned drug lords or the leader of the drug dealing network the sudden increase of murders emerged. Gardner explains it by the gang wars for the leadership in the drug networks.   After his analyses Gardner comes to the conclusions that in reality drug wars b ecome the reason of big quantity of victims during the gangs-and-guns wars. â€Å"Yes, drugs are the missing piece in Canada’s guns-and-gangs debate. It’s true that gang culture, fatherless homes, poverty and other factors people are talking about may play a role. But in almost every case, the drug trade is the reason the trigger is squeezed. If the black market didn’t exist, neither would most of the bloodshed† (Gardner 235). Drug industry brings millions to its owners and that is why battle for the place in this industry is so fierce.  A lot of authors trace correlation between gang wars and drugs distribution.   The story repeats in different countries and sad statistics of homicides proves that drugs play a very important role in the gang wars. Police report Drugs, Gangs, and Crime: Urban Violence and the War on Drugs also names drugs as one of the main reasons of victims during criminal wars. â€Å"Chicago police believe that about one-third of the city’s homicides and shootings are drug and gang related. This would suggest that gang violence is responsible for 300 or more deaths and several thousands of aggravated batteries per year in the city alone† (Drugs, Gangs, and Crime: Urban Violence and the War on Drugs).     The data from other sources also proves correlation between gang wars and drugs.   Specialists state that drug use is one of risk factors of joining gangs. The Rochester Youth Survey names negative life events, making friends with gang members and drugs as main risk factors of possible gang membership (Thornberry 174).   Similar results were achieved by the Seattle Social Development Project.   According to their report risk factors include bad study results, inclination to drugs, demonstrative behavior and â€Å"bad† friends (Thornberry 174). In contrast, good socialization, conventional surrounding and strong personal system of beliefs minimize risk of joining the gang.   Th ese facts prove strong correlation between drug dealers and victims of the gang wars. National surveys also prove influence of drugs trade on the gang wars. The National Drug Intelligence Center reports that â€Å"gangs (including street gangs, prison gangs, and outlaw motorcycle gangs) are the primary retail distributors of drugs in the country† (NDIC 2005). These facts prove close correlation between drugs and gang wars. Gang members control drug distribution and a lot of cases of homicide are connected with so called â€Å"drug wars†.   Criminal authorities turn to violence when they share the fields of drug distribution.   The National Alliance of Gang Investigators Associations also gives facts that prove drugs to be one of the reasons of the gang wars. The research made by these associations contains data from 455 agencies and most of them prove information about the close connection between drug dealing network, gang wars and victims of these wars (NAGIA 200 5).Since drug distribution has such great influence on gang wars and criminal levels, it would be logical to look for the ways out in order to resolve this problem. Unfortunately, the level of homicide and constant gang wars show that state policies are not very effective at the present moment. Despite the enormous effort put in, the attempts to resolve this problem is ineffective.   Gardner states that law enforcement does not give expected results. Moreover, statistic states that enforcement results in the increase of the homicide. Prohibition has negative effect on the level of violence. Trying to fight with the results of the problem we cannot solve it. In order to influence the problem of gang crimes we should try to influence its roots. As proved earlier, drugs are among the essential components of the gang violence. As states Gardner: â€Å"Wipe out the drug trade and the violence goes with it† (Gardner   235). This effective method also seems to be unachievable at the present moment. In order to understand the situation better we must get a better understanding of the drug dealing system and drug addiction. As states Gardner, drug dealing network will not disappear even if the police throws all drug dealers to prison. The problem is not in drug dealers but in people who consume drugs. They create a demand and in response drug traders sell drugs to satisfy it. So, the problem lies on the deeper level than ordinary drug network. It deals with people who create the demand for drugs and, thus, influence drug distribution.   That is the reason old methods to fight gang crimes are not effective.   Politicians have to change the entire approach to the problem, otherwise the problem will not be solved. As Gardner points out: â€Å"Of course politicians don’t like to admit they aren’t omnipotent. And they really don’t want to say unpopular things in public, particularly during an election. And so both the Liberals and the Co nservatives have promised to deal with gang crime by, yet again, increasing law enforcement and boosting sentences. This will fail† (Gardner 235). The problems of gang crimes and drug dealing need new approaches but in order to solve them it is necessary to know the nature of drug addiction.The problem of drug addiction is complex and multi-dimensioned. Despite the great effort put into the study of the problem of drug addiction there is no one defined explanation of its nature. Science and medicine fail, when the subject comes to addiction.   Ã‚  Medicine cannot give definite answer concerning the nature of drug addiction.   Different policies aiming to reduce drug use have rather political than medial or scientific background. These policies are aimed to show to the society that government puts effort in order to resolve this problem, but in reality effectiveness of such programs is very low and we can notice it by studying the rates of drug addiction. Psychology profess or Bruce Alexander made a series of experiments, exploring the nature of drug addiction and came to unexpected and innovative conclusions. He   proves that the surrounding and conditions of life have major impact on the nature of   addiction. During his famous experiment Alexander placed addicted rats into two surroundings. One surrounding of usual cages and another contained real paradise for rats – complex structure with plenty of space for life and entertainment. The results of the experiment became unexpected. Rats which dwelled in very good conditions soon left their addiction and turned to normal life. He states that scientists and medical workers who look for the   reasons of drug addiction cannot find the right answer because we should look for it in sociology. As he states: â€Å"Addiction is neither a disease nor a moral failure, but a narrowly focused lifestyle with an intensity that partially compensates for a lack of adequate psychosocial integration. The function of addiction to drugs is no different from the function of addiction to any other habit or pursuit†   (Alexander 125). Alexander speaks about problems of the contemporary society which deprived people of their roots, of their usual way of life and meaning of life in general. Alexander gives social and economical reasons for these changes. He states that we cannot fight the problem of drug addiction until we solve social problems.   Money spent to fight the crimes connected with drugs or caused by their use could have brought more use if spent on different social problems. People use drugs not because they have such born characteristics. They turn to drugs because they are unhappy and lack sense in their lives. Social status and material factors also contribute to possible reasons of drug addiction. That is why authorities should pay attention to the level of life of the most unprotected social layers as one of the ways to deal with the drug problem.Jason Ziedenber g’s research on the gang crime Ganging up on communities? Putting gang crime in context also underlines the correlation between the activity of different gangs and the level of life.   According to his research gang crime does not happen everywhere. There are certain areas where the rates of gang crime are higher. After research it was found out that gang crime is higher in the poorer regions. This proves the idea that gang crime is connected with the income level and employment. Similar conclusions can   be found in Kyriacou’s study of relationship between socioeconomic factors and gang violence in Los Angeles. According to the research results, â€Å"the strongest correlations with gang violence were employment and income† (Kyriacou et al 346). The correlation between gang crime, drug addiction and level of life is evident.   It is impossible to solve the problem of drug addiction and, thus, reduce crime rates until social are solved. If authorities and politicians take these facts into consideration we will get an opportunity to approach the solution of the problem of the gang crime.

How to Use the French Preposition Dans

How to Use the French Preposition Dans The French preposition dans usually means in, but,  depending on the context, it also has other English equivalents, such as from, through, on, during and off. Dans cannot be followed directly by a noun but rather must be followed by an article or some other determiner. It can indicate a physical location, a figurative location and time. Dans is also required after certain French verbs  that  take  an  indirect object. Physical Location   Ã‚  Ã‚  dans la boà ®te   in the box  Ã‚  Ã‚  dans la rue   in the street  Ã‚  Ã‚  boire dans une tasse   to drink from a cup  Ã‚  Ã‚  prendre quelque chose dans une boà ®te  Ã‚  to take something from a box  Ã‚  Ã‚  copier quelque chose dans un livre   to copy something from a book  Ã‚  Ã‚  dans lavion   on the plane  Ã‚  Ã‚  mettre quelque chose dans le tiroir   to put something in the drawer  Ã‚  Ã‚  monter dans le train   to get on the train  Ã‚  Ã‚  voir quelquun dans lescalier   to see someone on the stairs Figurative Location   Ã‚  Ã‚  dans la situation actuelle   in the current situation  Ã‚  Ã‚  dans ces conditions in / under these conditions Period of  Time   Ã‚  Ã‚  dans la journà ©e during the day  Ã‚  Ã‚  dans la semaine during the week  Ã‚  Ã‚  dans une semaine in one week Verbs with Dans The French preposition  dans  is required after certain French verbs that take an  indirect object. boire qqchose dans  (une tasse) to drink something out of (a cup)chercher  dans  (la boà ®te)  Ã‚  to look in (the box)courir dans  (lherbe)  Ã‚  to run through (the grass)coà »ter dans  (les dix euros)  Ã‚  to cost about (10 euros)entrer dans  (une salle, un bà ¢timent)  Ã‚  to enter (a room, building)fouiller dans  (les poches)  Ã‚  to look through (the pockets)lire dans  (le journal)  Ã‚  to read in (the paper)manger dans la main qqun  Ã‚  to eat out of ones handmanger dans lassiette  Ã‚  to eat off a platemettre  son espoir dans  Ã‚  to pin ones hopes onpartir  dans  (10 minutes)  Ã‚  to leave in (10 minutes)partir dans  (les montagnes)  Ã‚  to leave for (the mountains)pleuvoir dans  (la France)  Ã‚  to rain in (France)prendre quelque chose dans  (une boà ®te, un tiroir)  Ã‚  to take something from (a box, drawer)regarder dans  (la boà ®te, le frigo)  Ã‚  to look in (the box, the fridge)vivre dans  (la misà ¨re, la peur)  Ã‚  to live in (poverty, fear)

George Campbell's rhetorical theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

George Campbell's rhetorical theory - Essay Example As an admirer of the classics, Campbell reminded his theological students to immerse themselves in such specific works as Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria, Cicero's De Inventione and De Oratore, the Ad Herennium, Longinus' On the Sublime, and the critical essays of Dionysius. What he liked most of all was the classical emphasis on rules as an art form. In his Lectures on Pulpit Eloquence, Campbell taunted his contemporaries for their inability to extend the highly artistic approach to rhetoric developed by the ancients. "As to the rhetorical art itself," he said, "in the particular the moderns appear to me to have made hardly any advance or improvement upon the ancients. I can say, at least, of most of the performances in the way of institute, which I have had an opportunity of reading on the subject, either in French or English, every thing valuable is servilely copied from Aristotle, Cicero, and Quintilian." Underlying Campbell's philosophy was the idea that rhetoric is a dynamic, developing process.